Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) was recently identified as a possible surface marker for naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and is constitutively expressed on the cell irrespective of its activation status.

Tumor metastasis plays a key role in assessing treatment strategies and an important factor in determining patient prognosis. Not surprisingly, significant effort has been focused on elucidating the molecular basis behind tumor metastasis.

Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) often designated as CD281 (cluster of differentiation 281), a member of the Toll-like receptor family recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern with specificity for gram-positive bacteria.

Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) often known as CD290 (cluster of differentiation 290), is the most recently identified human homolog of the Drosophila TOLL protein. Human TLR10 is an orphan member of the Toll-like receptor family that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern.

Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular FOXP3 (IMG-5802D) and cell surface FR4 with clone 12A5 (IMG-6217C) (left) and clone TH6 (IMG-6218C) (right) at 0.06 ug/10^6 mouse splenocytes.

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), often designated as CD282 (cluster of differentiation 282) is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the large homologous family of Toll like receptors. TLR2 acts as functional receptor for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) often designated as CD283 (cluster of differentiation 283) is a type I transmembrane receptor protein. It belongs to a family of evolutionary conserved innate immune recognition molecules and recognizes double-stranded RNA, a molecular pattern associated with viral infections.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) often designated as CD284 (cluster of differentiation 284) is a class I transmembrane receptor belonging to the large homologous family of Toll like receptors. TLR4 expressed on the surface of immune system cells, is activated by exposure to lipopolysaccharides derived from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria and thus forms part of the innate immune response in mammals.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), a member of the evolutionarily conserved Toll-like receptor family, has evolved to permit mammals specifically to detect flagellated bacterial pathogens.

Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) often designated as CD286 (cluster of differentiation 286), is a member of the Toll-like receptor family, a highly conserved series of ancient innate immune pattern recognition receptors.